单词ergative
adj.: 作格的（可在不改变词义的情况下同时用作及物和不及物的动词，作及物动词时的宾语与作不及物动词时的主语一致）
网络: 格动词；动词做作格用法
作格的（可在不改变词义的情况下同时用作及物和不及物的动词，作及物动词时的宾语与作不及物动词时的主语一致）:
able to be used in both a transitive and an intransitive way with the same meaning, where the object of the transitive verb is the same as the subject of the intransitive verb
复数：ergatives
Middle voice (or rather the ergative verb) allows you to avoid mentioning who or what does the action.
用中动语态（或施格动词），你可以避免说出谁或者什么人做这个动作。
An ergative verb is a verb whose action affects the subject of the verb with the patient as its subject.
作格动词是动词行为影响动词主语的一类动词，即动词主语是受事。
Message Progression in Relation to Ergative Relations and Voice Classes: A Cognitive Exploration of Message Categories in Working Memory
作格关系、语态类别和信息推进——一项以阶段性加工为基础的认知研究
A Cognitive Study of English Ergative Construction
英语作格构块式的认知研究
English Ergative Verbs and Acquisition of the Passive Voice of Interlanguage
英语作格动词与中介语被动语态的习得
Ergative and Middle Constructions in German
德语的作格结构和中间结构
A Cognitive Analysis of Ergative Sentences
作格句的认知研究
A Cognitive Analysis of the English Ergative Structure
英语作格结构的认知分析
Mono- valent Ergative Verbs in English Textbook Compiling
英语教材编写应重视作格动词的一价用法