单词scratch
v.: 划伤；挠；取消；刮坏
n.: 划伤；搔痒；刮（或擦、抓）的刺耳声；挠痒
adj.: 仓促拼凑的；无让杆的；无差点的
网络: 刮伤；刮痕；扒
挠，搔（痒处）:
to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is itching
划破，抓破，划伤，抓伤（皮肤）:
to cut or damage your skin slightly with sth sharp
（尤指意外地）擦破，划损，刮坏:
to damage the surface of sth, especially by accident, by making thin shallow marks on it
刮出（或刮去）痕迹；划下（或擦去）痕迹:
to make or remove a mark, etc. on sth deliberately, by rubbing it with sth hard or sharp
刮（或擦、抓）出刺耳声:
to make an irritating noise by rubbing sth with sth sharp
勉强维持生活:
to make enough money to live on, but with difficulty
取消；撤销；退出:
to decide that sth cannot happen or sb/sth cannot take part in sth, before it starts
苦苦琢磨；苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁:
to think hard in order to find an answer to sth
作肤浅的探讨；浅尝辄止；隔靴搔痒:
to deal with, understand, or find out about only a small part of a subject or problem
礼尚往来；私相授受:
used to say that if sb helps you, you will help them, even if this is unfair to others
（皮肤或物体表面上的）划痕，划伤:
a mark, a cut or an injury made by scratching sb"s skin or the surface of sth
刮（或擦、抓）的刺耳声:
the unpleasant sound of sth sharp or rough being rubbed against a surface
挠痒；搔痒:
the act of scratching a part of your body when it itches
从头开始；从零开始:
without any previous preparation or knowledge
从头（做起）；从零开始:
from the very beginning, not using any of the work done earlier
达到要求；合乎标准:
as good as sth/sb should be
仓促拼凑的:
put together in a hurry using whatever people or materials are available
无让杆的；无差点的:
with no handicap
平等比赛的;(赛跑等)无让步的
碰巧的;偶然的
〔俚语〕东拼西凑的;(船员、球队等)临时凑成的;凑合的;庞杂的,各种各样的
潦草的
随便写的;打草稿用的
【台[撞]球】造成罚分的一击;空球(亦要罚分)
【运】(不接受让步待遇者的)平赛起步线;平赛起跑时间[开始时间]
【拳击】拳击开始线
【运】零分;平局
【地质学;地理学】擦痕;【建筑】刮痕
〔口语〕拙笔;乱写
搔声;刮擦声
抓;搔
抓伤;擦伤;微伤
抓痕;搔痕;划痕
勉强维持;〔美俚〕伪造(支票)
(将马)从名单中勾消掉;(使)退出比赛;〔美国〕(把…)从后补人名单中删掉
停止;丢弃
刨拢在一块,凑合
潦草地写;涂写;乱画
(说唱乐录音中)(使)做出擦音效果
涂掉,勾消;勾划掉
(用爪、针等)搔;搔(痒);抓;抓(表面);刨;用爪刨[扒,挖](洞)
抓伤[破];刮坏
刺刺地抓;作刮擦声
第三人称单数：scratches
现在分词：scratching
过去式：scratched
v.+n.:
scratch surface,scratch head,scratch record
n.cutscrapegrazescorenickv.itchrubgrateabradecancel
v.keepcontinue
Residents who had refused to go outside before would join him on the front lawn to scratch his ears.
疗养中心那些原来不愿意出来的老人们也开始来到楼前草地搔它的耳朵。
But America is not starting from scratch, and none of the plans in Congress shows an appetite for such a European solution.
但是美国并没有从零开始，国会提出的议案中，没有任何一项有意效仿欧洲的这种解决方法。
Do not use abrasive kitchen cleaners, as they will scratch the surface.
不要使用磨料厨房清洁剂，因为它们将触及表面而伤害到它。
But scratch just below the surface, and you"ll see that drug makers are crazy like a fox.
但是透过现象看本质，你会发现制药商像狐狸一样狡猾。
"We are only beginning to scratch the surface, " says Mallet.
马拉特说，“我们现在只是刚开始触及到问题的表面。”
If you were to make many of these convenience foods yourself, from scratch, you would see that they don"t really taste anything alike.
如果你自己要用这些方便食品做饭菜，你会发现这些食品从一开始就什么味道都不像。
There were ways to get to 60 votes. The White House just had to scratch it out with a real strategy and a never-let-go attitude.
拿到60票有很多办法。但白宫一定要规划一份真正的策略出来，要有绝不放弃的态度。
But with the help of the palladium techniques, scientists are now able to make it from scratch, enough to start clinical testing.
在钯技术的帮助下，科学家如今可以从头合成，足以开始临床测试。
Furniture scratch repair: Make a paste of coffee grounds and a little water and apply to furniture scratches with a Q-tip.
修补家具上的刮痕：用少许水将咖啡渣制成糨糊状，然后快速地粘在家具的刮痕处。
Exposure to cats may raise a question of cat-scratch fever in a patient who presents with unilateral lymphadenopathy of an extremity.
和猫有过接触肢体单侧淋巴结病的病人可能和猫爪热有关。